Paper barrel or keg.



I. I. CRAVEN.I PAPER BARREL 0R KEG. APPLICATION FILED NOV, I6. I9I2\ 1 ,234,633, Patented July 24, 1917.

I. F. CRAVEN. PAFER BARREL 0R KEG. APPLJCATION FILED Nov. 16. 1912,

' Patented July 24, 1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

FIG. 1o

NVENTOH .MITNESSES y J @i/zig? PAPER Banani. oa KEG.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Application ledNovember 16,1912. Serial lt-1'o.' l,855.l l

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES F. CRAVEN, a resident of Pittsburgh, in the coiuity of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Paper Barrels or Kegs, :of which the follow#I in is a specification.

his invention relates vto paper barrels, kegs, or other receptacles.- The object of Vthe invention is to provide an improved article of the character described, which is inexpensive to manufacture, is light and quite strong for its weight, and can be hans dled in the same manner asordinary recep- -tacles now in use.

The invention comprises the construction and arrangement of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings Figure l represents a view, partially in side elevation and partially in section, of a barrel or keg con- 'structed according to my invention; Figs.

'2, 3, 4 and 5 are enlarged detail sectional views of the samel and showing the successiversteps in the formation of the4 end joint; Fig.6\is a view corresponding to Fig. 1, and illustrating mo..lcations; Fig. 7 is an enlarged detail sectional View of the same; Fig. 8 is a detail view,- showing a modification; Fig. 9 is a broken out pers ective view illustrating a modified form o the inven-A tion; Figs. lO and llare similar views showing other modications; and Fig. 12 1s a detail perspective View, partly brokeni out,

of another `formof `the invention.

'.lhetbarrel or keg shown in the drawings comprises a paper cylinder or tube l of any desired length, diameter and wall thickness. This is preferably formed by rolling or winding a sheet or strip of paper or paperboard into a tube of one or more superimposed plies, securing said plies together during the rolling or winding by `a suitable advhesive, and then', cutting the tube thus formed into one or more sections of the proper length Afor the desired barrel or keg. The ends of. the .tube are closed by paper capsy or. heads 2, which may be merely flat disks of paper or pasteboard, as shown in Fig.v 6, but preferably are cupped or shaped to form a rim or flange 3 which closely fits the inner wall of the tube 1.V The caps or heads may also be bilged or arched, as shown in Fig. 6, to makenthem stronger. -The peripheral` portions fof the caps or'heads '2 are seated against shoulders 4 n the tube.

i which shoulders may be formed by pasting or otherwise securing rings or hoops of paper, paper-board or other material to the inner wall of the body l', but preferably are formed, as shown, by the end edges of an inner tube or cylinder 5, which may be formed of paper in the same manner as the body 1, and is shorter than said body. The inner tube or member 5 may be formed of one or more plies and may or may not be pasted or glued to the inside of the outer member 1, as preferred, but in any case lits tightly Within and materially strengthens and reinforces the same. Preferably, the inner tube 5 will Vbe the substantial body and will be made of greater thickness and weight than the outer tube 1, and of cheaper material. The outer tube will be of thin, tough, strong stock, while the inner tube will depend more'for its strength on the weight and thickness of the material.

Either or both of the end caps or heads 2 may be provided with a ring or bushing 6, which may be formed, for example, of sheet metal with one end portion crimped or beaded around the edges of an opening 7 in the head or cap, thus forming a filling or discharge orifice, and, if desired, caps or closures 8 may be threaded upon or otherwise secured to the bushing 6. This, however, .is not essential and .may be omitted, in which case the end heads or caps will be imperforate.

The chimes or end portions 9 of the bar- -rel 0r keg project beyond the end shoulders 4 of the inner tube 5. Moreover, when the caps or heads 2 are cupped or Iianged, as illustrated in Fig. 1, the chimes 9 project beyond the edge of the flange 3. This projecting end portion 9 of the tube 1 is utilized to firmly secure the heads or caps to .the receptacle 'and provide a strong and tight VAonlylirrnly securing the end cap in place 'and' preventing itv from being. pulled lout ofthe joint in either direction, but also giving Patented muy el, reir. I

avery tight joint whihWll Prevent lem A metal or the .age of the contents. When' the receptacle and 12, 4which' is in the form of a hoop or.

be -ma'de'of paper, wood, ke, but preferably comprises a short section of paper' tube. This hoop ring and may 1 or ring is formedlto 'snugly lit within the interior of the chime`9`oflthe barrel, and

not only acts as a keeper to prevent the bent l.

o r `folded portion of the outer tube 1 from opening up and thereby releasing the flange 3 ofl 'the cap, under conditions offnse, but also givesl a neat finish to the end of the barrel 'or ke in that it hide'sthe creases or folds which unavoidably lareformed in bending the ends of the outer tube inwardly.

4In constructingor assembling the barrel or keg, paper tubes ofthe proper size are formed'or 'selected for the outer tube 'l and inner tube 5.. The innertube is slipped into place within the' outer tube, and pasted or gluedth'ereto desired. End caps or heads 2 of the proper. size are then placed in position with their peripheral portions resting on theshoulders 4 at the 'ends of the inner tube 5. ,'Thesec'aps may be disks, as shown in Fig.y 6,. but referably are cupped or flanged, as descri ed and as shown in Figs.

1 and .12. The projecting end portions or ,chimes ofthe outer tube .are then softened by moistening thev same or by steaming, and

are then sub]ected to the action of a seriesv of forming or breaking rollers, to bend the 'end portion ,of the outer tube inwardly,

either upon. itself, as shownv in Fig. 6, or to inclosethe rim or flange 3 of the cap, 'as

' illustrated in Fig; 1'. This bendingaction will'be performed, upon a suitable machine embodying a set of rollers brought successively into action tovr radually bend the end ofthe tube. 1 inwarA ,ly by successive steps, which steps are indicated in order in Figs. 2, 3, 4 and 5. Machines of this general type are well known and require no further description.- 'Ifo venable the tube 1 to be easily bent or folded at its end, as described, it

K may be grooved or creased Acircumferentially on its outer surface, as indicated at 12. Vhen this is done the outer fibers stretch more readilyduring the bending operations and there is less liability of rupture. .After 'the end of the tube 1 is bent inwardly, the retaining hoop or ring 11 is pushed into place endt'vise, and then secured by gluing,

pasting, or otherwise, if desired. The circular shape of the hoop or ring adapts it well. to resist the inward bending or opening of the bent end portion 9 of the tube 1, which must necessarily occur if the joint ruptures. The retaining hoop or ring thus locks the end cap in place and. prevents the weight of the contents of the receptacle from tearing the peripheral ortion thereof from the joint. Either be ore or after the application of the retaining ring or hoop to the rece treated with a non-absorbent substance, such as bakelite or paraffin, to make a liquid and gas tight joint, although this is not essential when the receptacle is intended for containing certain classes of materials.

tacle, the nend of the receptacle may e The barrel or kegfdescribed is intendedY particularly to be made in smaller sizes to contain solid substances like nails, nuts, bolts, sugar, flour, and the like, althou'ghit may be made as largev as desired and may contain other substances.v When the sub stance to be transported is lunusually heavy,

as nails, it maybe preferable 'to provide the paper walls of the receptacle with suitable reinforcement 15. Thismay be done by laying between the successive plies of the paper forming the tubular body a wire, or textile fabric, such as wire screen, cloth or canvas,

which may be wound between the plies of the paper tube, as shownin Fig. 12, during its manufacture. The wires, fibers or threads of-this fabric will preferably cross each other at right -anglesand be placed in the paper tube, as shown inFig. 12, so that in the finished barrel or keg they will run both longitudinally and circumferentially thereof, thus forming not only longitudinal reinforcing bands but also a series of practically continuous circular ties or bands extending completely around thereceptacle, which effectively prevent the body from bulging or rupturing outwardly. Inv addition, the reinforcement, extending as it does, clear to the ends of the paper tube, and

4through the bent or folded chimes'9, will largely prevent .crackingy andv rupturing thereof during the folding of the tube to form the end Joints. This is especially true if the reinforcement is of textile fabric, such as cloth or canvas, which becomes so embedded in-the adhesive between plies that.

it is practically an integralportion of the paper tube itself, thus preventing splitting of the tube and separation ofthe plies thereof on folding. The metal or fabric reinforcement may also be applied to either thel 'i inner or outer surface of the tube, or both, if desired;

The paper tube or tubes forming the body may also be reinforced with paper, either laid between the plies of the tube or applied to its interior or exterior surfaces, or both. In this case the main bulk of the tube will be :of s'orne cheap stock and the reinforcement ofthin, strong, tough paper, such as is known in the trade as Craft stock.

The paper end caps or heads 2 may also be end head or cap 2. With this construction,

reinforced in any of the ways described for reinforcing the ltubular body.

It will of course be understood vthat the barrel or keg may be formed of-true cylindri'cal shape, as illustrated in Fig. l, or may be bilged, as in Fig. 3, so that it may be easily placed on end and otherwise handled in the ordinary manner. In the latter case the tubular barrel body' will be softened by steaming or the like, immediately after its formation and before the adhesive has set, and then expanded Within forming dies of the proper shape to give the barrel the bilged form. In this connection it will of course vbe understood that the term tube'as used herein, means a bilged member as well as a,

'. true cylinder.

rel or keg with the contents,

'Phe barrel or keg described may bemade very light' and is constructed` entirely of paper. Itis consequently inexpensive and for most pur oses will compete in the Inarket with ordinary barrels made of wood ormetal. Obviously, when made in quantities by one manufacturer for use by another, the barrel will rst be constructed-with one head or cap secured in place and deliveredgin this shape to the user, who, after lling the barwill then apl, ply the second head or capto close the same.

Under some circumstances it maybe in convenient for the user of the barrel or keg to employ asplecial machine or appafatus for4 securing the second head or cap in the barrel' or keg." To provide a keg in which the ends may be readily closed or secured by-hand, E

- may use the construction illustrated in Figs.

-8 and 12. In this form of the invention the projecting end portionsl or chimes 9 of the' barrel-or keg are suitably slotted or kerfed at intervals, as at'20, to form a series of flaps or leaves21. The slots or'kerfs 20 will preferably be of V-shape, as shown, to secure a more perfect t, and extend ,inwardly from the end edge of the outer tube not quite to the end edge of the flange or rim 3 of the one endhead or cap is lirst secured permanently inthe keg or barrel. This may be done at the factory, ashereinbefore described, or by the user of the barrel .or keg, in the same manner as the second head or cap about to be described. The keg or barrel is then filled with the contents and the end head'or cap 2 slipped into place with rim 3 resting on the shoulder 4 of the, inner tube 5. rIhe flaps 'or leaves 21 between the spaced kerfs or notches 20 are then folded or bent inwardly by hand around the flange or rim`3 of. the end head or cap 2, from the position by folding over the projecting end portions 22 of the reinforcementl, which may be of any of the'forms heretoforedescribed. In the particular construction illustrated in 9 the reinforcement comprises strips or bands of metal placed between the inner and outer tubes 5 and le, or betweenthe plies of the outer tube, said strips or bands being a foldingor bending inwardly the end porlittle longer thanthe `outer tube, so that the end portions 22 thereof form clips or iiaps which can be bent inwardly in the manner described and shown. -The strips or bands 22 may be formed of comparatively thin metal, `from considerations of economy and pliability, in which case it may be necessary to insert a retaining member or keeper l1 and secure the same within the flange or rim of the end cap to prevent the folded flaps 22 from being bent outwardly.

The same effect may also be secured in case it is desiredl to utilize an end cap or ihead 2 formed of a simplev disk, as illustrated in Fig. 10. In this case the outer edge of said head or cap rests against the end shoulder 4 of the body of the tube and a separate ring or flange 23 of paper or other suitable material is placed within the projecting end portion 9 of the tubular body. Said rmg is of such width that its outer ed e is opposite the end edge ofthe chime 9 an it covers the rim of the cap 2 and holds the same down to its seat on the shoulder 4. It practically forms a separate rim or fiange for the end cap and secures a better fit of the same within the ou'ter tube. It is also cheaper to manufacture than the cupped head or cap.

Other.` Itypes of reinforcement than the simple hands or strips 22 just described may be employed. For example, the reinforce. 1

ment may comprise paper'or a wire or textile fabric,.such as hereinbefore referred to.

This fabric may be placed within or between the plies of the outer tube, or lbetween the. outer-and inner tubes, or may be applled to the outer lsurface of the outer tube. Since i the fabric is comparatively pliable and may "j be more Jeasily folded than the paper body`y or evenl the metal strips 22 referred to, the projecting end portion of the reinforcement may be continuous all the way around the circumference of the keg or barrel.' Such fabric is illustrated at 24 in Fig. 11, and is shown as applied tothe outer surface of the 5 As in the other cases described, additional strength may be given to the structure by v the employment of a retaining member or v keeper.

What I claim is ing a paper body formed to provide shoulders inwardly of the endsthereof, end caps or. heads having their peripheral portions seated on said shoulders, the projecting end portions of saidl lbody being notched or kerfed at intervals to provide a series of i flaps adapted to be folded inwardly over the peripheral portions of the end caps or heads, and reinforcing or stiffening means for said flaps comprising strands embedded in the paper body and extending through said end the projecting en 1. A barrel or other receptacle, comprisbody being notched or kerfed at intervals tov flaps and connecting flaps at opposite ends of the receptacle.

2. A barrel or other receptacle comprising a tubular -bodyformed" to provide inner shoulders inwardly of the ends thereof, end caps or heads having theirperipheral por tions seated on said shoulders and rovided with flanges ittin within-said tubular body, d portions of said tubular form flaps adapted to be bent inwardly heads in place, and a retaining loop or ring located lwithin said folded flaps and arranged to hold the same in place.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set around said 'anges to loclrthe end caps or 

